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| | | | World History timeline |
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| 1851 |
| | | Herman Melville publishes Moby Dick; or, The Whale, a novel based on his own 18-month experience on a whaler in 1841-2 | |
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| 1851 |
| | | A journalist in the Terre Haute Express gives a piece of advice, 'Go west, young man', that chimes perfectly with the US pioneer spirit | |
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| 1851 |
| | | The president of France, Louis Napoleon, stages a coup d'état, rounding up his political opponents during a long December night | |
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| 1852 |
| | | Lord John Russell's Whig administration collapses, and Lord Derby follows him as a Conservative prime minister at the head of a coalition government | |
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| 1852 |
| | | The citizens of the US are scandalized to discover that the Mormons practise polygamy | |
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| 1852 |
| | | Queen Victoria opens the new Houses of Parliament, designed by Charles Barry and Augustus Welby Pugin | |
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| 1852 |
| | | The Crystal Palace is dismantled in Hyde Park, to be re-erected south of the river Thames at Sydenham | |
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| 1852 |
| | | France demands that Turkey should end Russia's exclusive control of the Christian Holy Places in the Ottoman empire | |
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| 1852 |
| | | In the four years since the discovery of gold, the population of California has leapt from 14,000 to 250,000 | |
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| 1852 |
| | | Scottish physicist William Thomson formulates the second law of thermodynamics, concerning the transfer of heat within a closed system | |
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| 1852 |
| | | Harriet Beecher Stowe publishes a massively successful antislavery novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin, that sells 300,000 copies in its first year | |
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| 1852 |
| | | US entrepreneur Cornelius Vanderbilt conveys passengers across the American continent through Nicaragua by steamship and horse and carriage | |
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| 1852 |
| | | In an Argentinian civil war, Urquiza defeats the dictator Rosas and is subsequently elected president (in 1854) | |
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| 1852 |
| | | Russia insists that her exclusive rights over the Holy Places are enshrined in the treaty of Kuchuk Kainarji | |
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| 1852 |
| | | Democratic candidate Franklin Pierce wins the US presidential election, defeating his Whig opponent Winfield Scott | |
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| 1852 |
| | | Louis Napoleon, asking the French people to approve his elevation to emperor as Napoleon III, receives a resounding yes in the plebiscite | |
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| 1852 |
| | | Lord Aberdeen, leader of the 'Peelite' minority of the Conservative party, forms a new coalition government with the Liberals | |
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| 1852 |
| | | London physician Peter Mark Roget publishes his dictionary of synonyms, the Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases | |
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| 1853 |
| | | Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il Trovatore is a success at its premiere in Rome | |
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| 1853 |
| | | David Livingstone makes a heroic six-month journey from the Zambezi river to the west coast of Africa | |
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| 1853 |
| | | The Taiping rebels capture the Chinese city of Nanjing and make it their capital | |
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| 1853 |
| | | Hormuzd Rassam discovers the magnficent lion-hunt reliefs in the palace of Ashurbanipal at Nineveh | |
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| 1853 |
| | | Just six weeks after the success of Il Trovatore, Giuseppe Verdi's opera La Traviata is a disaster at its premiere in Venice | |
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| 1853 |
| | | In a worsening diplomatic crisis, Russia puts her Black Sea fleet in a state of alert at Sebastopol | |
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| 1853 |
| | | France and Britain despatch their fleets to the Dardanelles, in readiness to go through the Straits to the Black Sea | |
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| 1853 |
| | | Russia occupies two Ottoman principalities, Moldavia and Wallachia, on the west coast of the Black Sea | |
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